Desalination

    A new breakthrough in turning seawater into fresh water could finally make the process cheap and sustainable. The world’s first land-based distillation desalination plant dates back to 1928 in Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, and a reverse osmosis plant was built in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in 1978. The problem with existing methods is that they are expensive and energy intensive. Now researchers at Monash University in Australia have created a bespoke nanotechnology (metal organic frameworks, a crystalline material with the largest surface area of any known material) that is responsive to sunlight and turns seawater into drinking water in 30 minutes.

    — Wayne Visser

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